The last 28 Buddha

The last 28 Buddhas of Theravāda (aṭavīsi Buddha)

The Theravāda Buddhist tradition preserves tales of 28 Buddhas, including Gautama Buddha and his 27 predecessors. these stories, along with the anticipated arrival of the future Buddha, Metteyya.

Detailed in the Buddhavamsa, a revered text in the Pāli Canon. The Buddhavamsa belongs to the Khuddaka Nikāya, a collection within the Sutta Piṭaka, which is one of the three major sections of the Pāli Canon.

In Theravāda-majority countries like Sri Lanka, Cambodia, Laos, Myanmar, and Thailand, it is customary for Buddhists to organize grand festivals during the fair-weather season.

These events are dedicated to paying homage to the 28 Buddhas described in the Buddhavamsa, reflecting deep reverence and devotion in these communities.

Here is the rewritten table for clarity and readability:

List of 28 Buddha

No.	Pāli Name	Sanskrit Name	Birthplace	Parents (Father – Mother)	Bodhirukkha (Tree of Enlightenment)	Incarnation of Gautama
1	Taṇhaṅkara	Tṛṣṇaṃkara	Puppavadī	Sunanda – Sunandā	Rukkaththana
2	Medhaṅkara	Medhaṃkara	Yaghara	Sudeva – Yasodharā	Kaela
3	Saraṇaṅkara	Śaraṇaṃkara	Vipula	Sumaṅgala – Yasavatī	Pulila
4	Dīpaṃkara	Dīpaṃkara	Rammavatī	Sudeva – Sumedhā	Pipphala	Sumedha (also Sumati or Megha Mānava)
5	Koṇḍañña	Kauṇḍinya	Rammavatī	Sunanda – Sujātā	Salakalyana	Vijitawi (a Chakravarti in Chandawatinagara)
6	Maṅgala	Maṃgala	Uttara (Majhimmadesa)	Uttara – Uttarā	Nāga (Mesua ferrea)	Suruchi (in Siribrahmano)
7	Sumana	Sumanas	Mekhala	Sudassana – Sirimā	Nāga (Mesua ferrea)	King Atulores, a Naga
8	Revata	Raivata	Sudhaññavatī	Vipula – Vipulā	Nāga (Mesua ferrea)
9	Sobhita	Śobhita	Sudhamma	Sudhamma – Sudhammā	Nāga (Mesua ferrea)	Sujata (in Rammavati)
10	Anomadassi	Anavamadarśin	Candavatī	Yasava – Yasodharā	Ajjuna	A Yaksha king
11	Paduma	Padma	Campaka	Asama – Asamā	Salala	A lion
12	Nārada	Nārada	Dhaññavatī	Raja Sudeva – Anomā	Sonaka	A tapaso in the Himalayas
13	Padumuttara	Padmottara	Haṁsavatī	Ānanda – Sujātā	Salala	Jatilo, an ascetic
14	Sumedha	Sumedha	Sudassana	Sumedha – Sumedhā	Nipa	Native of Uttaro
15	Sujāta	Sujāta	Sumaṅgala	Uggata – Pabhāvatī	Welu	A chakravarti
16	Piyadassi	Priyadarśin	Sudhañña	Sudinna/Sudatta – Sucandā	Kakudha	Kassapa (at Siriwattanagara)
17	Atthadassi	Arthadarśin	Sobhana	Sāgara – Sudassanā	Champa	Susino
18	Dhammadassī	Dharmadarśin	Saraṇa	Saraṇa – Sunandā	Bimbajala	Indra
19	Siddhattha	Siddhārtha	Vebhāra	Udena – Suphassā	Kanihani	Mangal
20	Tissa	Tiṣya	Khemaka	Janasandha – Padumā	Assana	King Sujata of Yasawatinagara
21	Phussa	Puṣya	Kāsika	Jayasena – Sirimā	Amalaka	Vijitavi
22	Vipassī	Vipaśyin	Bandhumatī	Bandhumā – Bandhumatī	Pāṭalī (Stereospermum chelonoides)	King Atula
23	Sikhī	Śikhin	Aruṇavatī	Aruṇa – Pabhāvatī	Puṇḍarīka (Mangifera indica)	Arindamo (at Paribhuttanagara)
24	Vessabhū	Viśvabhū	Anoma	Suppatīta – Yasavatī	Sāla (Shorea robusta)	Sadassana (in Sarabhavatinagara)
25	Kakusandha	Krakucchanda	Khemāvatī	Aggidatta – Visākhā	Sirīsa (Albizia lebbeck)	King Khema
26	Koṇāgamana	Kanakamuni	Sobhavatī	Yaññadatta – Uttarā	Udumbara (Ficus racemosa)	King Pabbata (Mithila region)
27	Kassapa	Kāśyapa	Bārāṇasī	Brahmadatta – Dhanavatī	Nigrodha (Ficus benghalensis)	Jotipala (at Vappulla)
28	Gotama	Gautama (current)	Kapilavatthu	Suddhodana – Māyā	Assattha (Ficus religiosa)	Gautama, the Buddha
29	Metteyya	Maitreya (next)	Ketumatī (Bārāṇasi)	Subrahmā – Brahmavatī	Nāga (Mesua ferrea)