- Location: Sarnath, near Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, India
- Best Time: October to March
- How to Reach: 10 km from Varanasi Railway Station
- Sightseeing: Dhamek Stupa, Sarnath Museum, Tibetan Temple
The Dhamek Stupa, located in Sarnath Uttar Pradesh, is a significant Buddhist monument with a rich history that reflects the teachings of Buddha and the spread of Buddhism in India.
Dhamek Stupa marks the site where Siddhartha Gautama (Buddha) delivered his first sermon to his five disciples after attaining enlightenment. This event took place in Deer Park (Rishipattana) around 528 BCE, making it a pivotal location in Buddhist history. The name “Dhamek” is derived from the Pali word “dharmeksā,” meaning “pondering the law” or “teaching of Dharma”.
The stupa was initially constructed by Emperor Ashoka in 249 BCE as a simple mound to house relics of Buddha and his disciples. Ashoka was a key figure in promoting Buddhism across Bharat and is known for building numerous stupas and monasteries.
The present structure of the Dhamek Stupa dates back to 500 CE, during the Gupta period. It was built to replace the earlier Ashokan stupa, reflecting advancements in architectural techniques and artistic styles of that era.
The Dhamek Stupa is notable for its dimensions:
– Height: Approximately 43.6 meters (143 feet).
– Base Diameter: About 28 meters (92 feet).
The stupa’s exterior features intricate carvings that include floral patterns, geometric designs, and figures, showcasing the artistry of the Gupta period. The lower part of the stupa is made of stone, while the upper sections are constructed from brick.
The Dhamek Stupa is one of the eight most important pilgrimage sites for Buddhists worldwide. It symbolizes not only Buddha’s teachings but also the establishment of the Sangha (Buddhist community). The site continues to attract pilgrims and tourists who come to circumambulate the stupa as an act of devotion.
